Oil burner



Oct. 29, 1940. G. F. cRoslAR 2,219,917

OIL BURNER rFiled July s1, 1937 Patented Oct. 29, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE c v olL BURNER Glenn nl cmi, calmo, nl. Application my s1, 1937K, Senn No. 156,824 s calms. (ci. 15s-76) 'I'his invention is directed primarily to an oil burner designed for the burning oi' heavy oil of a grade which connot be satisfactorily employed in burners oirstandard construction. It has been 5 found, however, that by preheating such heavy oil and commingling it with a blast of air, and by ejecting the oil under pressure, satisfactory combustion will result. and that a much cheaper grade of oil may be used than is customarily l employed for a like purpose.

The present invention isl directed particularly to the formation of the burner and associated connections which are so related as to ailord a central conduit for the oil, with an annular heatl ing chamber surrounding the oil conduit and an annular air duct surrounding the heating chamber, so that the heat will be conserved, and the air as well as the oil preheated prior to the commingling of the air and oil at the-jet. of the burner.

The invention also relates to the means provided for ejecting the oil under uniform pressure, and to the general arrangement of the device as a whole.

Further objectsl and details will appear from the description of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which,

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the arrangement of piping and compression pump used in conjunction with the burner of the present invention, it being understood, however, that the view is diagrammatic only, -and that in practice it may be desirable to provide a more compact arrangement of the parts; and

.35 Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the burner which more particularly forms` the subject matter of the present invention.

The burner comprises a centrally disposed oil discharge pipe or conduit III of relatively small dimensions, which is surrounded by much larger piping I I constituting a wall of an annular heating chamber I2 extending throughout the major portion of the length of the oil discharge pipe.

Surrounding the heating chamber I2 is ,an

annular air duct I3 aiorded by a `cylindrical casing I4 closed by a header I5 at its outer end and carrying a blower I6 which serves to force air through the air duct to commingle with the oil discharge.

The oil pipe is threaded at its forward end to receive a. coupling I'I into which is threaded an oil nozzle I8, and the coupling I1 is also threaded on the exterior to receive a collar I9 which has threaded thereon a coupling 20 which receives the threaded forward end of the heating chamber pipe II. The nozzle I8 is surrounded by a convolute air discharge nozzle 2| which lls the forward end of the air duct and cooperates with a small convolute :dtting 22 in the tip ofthe nozzle I8, so that both the air and the oil will 5 have a vortical'movement at the point of discharge. which thoroughly commingles the ai-r and the oil at the point of combustion.

The outer end of the heating chamber II is threaded to receiveva T-coupling 23 which has 1 threaded thereinto a vertically disposed pipe section 24 into the end of which is entered a Bunsen gas burner 25 adapted to be ignited by a pilot light 26. The gas flame will be diverted horizontally in to the heating chamber I2 by the suction l of the air blast and carried therethrough with the products of combustion escaping through apertures 21 in the collar 20, the arrangement being such that the centrally disposed oil conduit will be surrounded by and bathed with the-20 heated products of combustion, and at the same time the heated wall of the heating chamber Il will heat the air delivered by the blower I6 so that both the oil and the air will be preheated prior to being commingled at the point oi oil 25. combustion.

The oil pipe extends through the T-coupling and into a coupling 28 which receives'an oil supply pipe 29 and an oil return pipe 30. 'I'he oil supply pipe connects with a rotary pressure pump 30 3l and air is admitted to the return line through a pipe 32. 'Ihe oil supply can be regulated by a metering valve 33, land the pump is operated by a motor 3 I", which also maybe employed to drive the blower I6. Oil is contained in a reservoir 35 34, and circulation is maintained through a supply pipe 35 and a return pipe 36, which circuit also includes a pump 31 for maintaining constant circulation of the oil, which pump is operated by the motor 3|, 40

The pressure of the oil delivered to the oil conduit III can be regulated by a valve 38 in the returnline 30, which arrangement is one which maintains a substantially .constant pressure on the oil admitted to the conduit I Il, and avoids 45 the pulsating eiect which might otherwise occur if no provision were made for a recirculation of oil by supply and return pipes 29 and 30 coacting with the pump 3l.

The piping system shown serves merely for purposes of illustration, since the principal features of the invention reside in the burner shown in Fig. 2.

In use, a mixture oi oil and air under pressure will be admitted to and driven through the centrally disposed oil conduit ill and discharged in the form of anne whirling spray of `oil and air which will be heated bypassage through the elongated conduit andcgmmingled at the point of discharge with the heated air delivered'through the air duct which surrounds and encloses the heating chamber.

The concentric arrangement employed and the elongated form of the oilv and air ducts and of Furthermore, the method of delivering and commingling the heated oil and air at the point of discharge is one which insures thoroughvcom bustion and high eiliciency which more than compensates for the cost of the small amount of gas required in the heating of theoil and air.

Although the invention has been described with particularly as to detail, it is not the intention to limit the claims to the structure shown. since modifications thereof may be made without departing from the principle of .the invention.

I claim:

l. In an oil burner, the combination of an oil conduit in the form of an elongated pipe of relatively small diameter, a `pipe of substantially larger diameter surrounding and in spaced relation to the oil conduit to provide the wall of an elongated heating chamber. a pipe standing in angular relation to the heating chamber pipe and communicating with the rear end thereof, a gas burner located within said angularly disposed pipe and adapted to discharge heated products of combustion inw and through the elongated heating chamber, said chamber being provided with an outlet for products of combustion at its forward end, means for admitting oil under pressure to the oil conduit, and a nozzle atthe forward end of the oil conduit for discharging heated oil therefrom.

2. In an cil burner, ythe combination of an oil conduit in the form of an elongated pipe of relatively small diameter, a pipe of substantially larger diameter surrounding and in spaced relation to the oil conduit to provide the 4wall of an elongated heating chamber, a pipe standing in angular relation to the heating chamber pipe and communicating with the rear end thereof, a gas burner located within said angularly disposed pipe and adapted tc discharge heated products of combustion into an'd through the elongated heating chamber, said chamber being provided Awith an outlet for products of combustion at its gatedtubular wall surrounding and in spaced relation'to the heating chamber wall and terminating at its forward end in position to dis,- charge an annular column of air around the oil discharged from-the oil conduit, and air supplying means for the air duct.

3. In an oil burner, the combination of an oil conduit in the form of an elongated pipe of relatively small diameter, a pipe of substantially larger diameter surrounding and in spaced relation to the ,oil conduit to provide the wall of an elongated heating chamber, a pipe standing in angular relation to the heating chamber pipe and communicating with the rear end thereof, a gas burner located within said angularly disposed pipe and adapted to discharge heated products of combustion into anci through the elongated heating chamber, said chamber being provided with an outlet for products of combustion at its forward end, means for admitting oil under pressure to the oil conduit, a nozzle at the forward end of the oil conduit for discharging heated oil therefrom, an air duct in the form of an elongated tubular wall surrounding .and in spaced relation to the heating chamber wall and terminating at itsA forward end in position to discharge an annular column of air around the oil discharged from the oil conduit, and a blower lo- Y cated near the rear end of the air duct and adapted to deliver air therelnto under pressure for discharge from the forward end ofv the air duct.

GLENN F. CROSIAR. 

